| Tie-downs / Chocks / Covers | REMOVED |
|---|---|
| Fuel Quantity | CHECK VISUALLY (Drain samples from both wings) |
| Fuel Caps | SECURED |
| Oil Level | CHECK (6–8 quarts, min 5 quarts) |
| Oil Cap / Dipstick | SECURED |
| Control Surfaces | FREE & CORRECT (Ailerons, Elevator, Rudder, Flaps) |
| Pitot Tube Cover | REMOVED |
| Static Ports | CLEAR |
| Tires / Brakes | CHECK (Condition / Inflation) |
| Master Switch | OFF during walk-around |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF |
| Throttle | 1/2 INCH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Avionics Master | OFF |
| Master Switch | ON |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
| Fuel Pump | ON (Prime if cold engine) |
| Flaps | UP |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (Neutral or slightly nose up) |
| Circuit Breakers | IN |
| Seat / Rudder Pedals | ADJUSTED & LOCKED |
| Area | CLEAR |
|---|---|
| Mixture | RICH |
| Throttle | 1/4 INCH |
| Master / Ignition | START (Monitor: Oil pressure rising within 30 sec, 1200 RPM) |
| Oil Pressure | CHECK (Green arc: 60–90 psi, min 25 psi) |
| Fuel Pump | OFF after start confirmed |
| Alternator | CHECK (Ammeter charging, low voltage light out) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT 150–400°F, Oil Temp 100–245°F) |
| Location | RUN-UP AREA (Pointed into wind) |
|---|---|
| Parking Brake | SET |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Full movement check) |
| Throttle | 1700–1800 RPM |
| Engine Instruments | CHECK GREEN (Oil pressure 60–90 psi, Oil temp rising, CHT 300–350°F) |
| Magnetos | CHECK (BOTH → L → BOTH → R → BOTH) Max drop: 175 RPM Difference L/R: < 50 RPM |
| Carb Heat | CHECK (ON: expect 150–200 RPM drop, then OFF) |
| Vacuum / Suction Gauge | CHECK (4.5–5.5 inHg) |
| Fuel Flow | CHECK (Steady, no fluctuations) |
| Amps / Volts | CHECK (Ammeter charging, voltmeter 13.5–14.5V) |
| Idle Mixture | CHECK (Lean until rough, then enrich to smooth) |
| Throttle | 1000–1200 RPM (After checks) |
| Flaps | UP |
|---|---|
| Avionics Master | ON (Allow 1 min for GPS initialization) |
| Transponder | STANDBY (Mode C if available) |
| Radios / COM / NAV | SET |
| Altimeter | SET (Local field elevation) |
| Flight Instruments | CHECK (AI, DG, VSI operational) |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Full deflection check) |
| Brakes | TEST (Light pressure, holding) |
| Taxi Light | ON (As required) |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON for taxi on rough ground or low fuel |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (Oil temp/pressure in green) |
| Mixture | AS REQUIRED (Lean for taxi above 1000 ft density altitude) |
| Magnetos | BOTH |
| Parking Brake | SET (At run-up/holding area) |
|---|---|
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Final check) |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 0–10° for normal takeoff) |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (Neutral) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH (Below 3000 ft MSL) |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Flight Instruments | SET (DG to compass) |
| Transponder | ALT (If Mode C) |
| Briefing | TAKEOFF / DEPARTURE / EMERGENCY |
| Area | CLEAR (Final check of runway) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | AS DESIRED |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Throttle | FULL (Smoothly, monitor RPM 2400–2500) |
| Engine Instruments | MONITOR (Oil pressure 60–90 psi, CHT rising) |
| Airspeed | ALIVE at 40 KIAS, rotate at 55–60 KIAS |
| Vy (Best Rate) | 79 KIAS |
| Vx (Best Angle) | 66 KIAS (with flaps up) |
| Fuel Pump | OFF (Above 500 ft AGL, positive rate) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | UP (If used, retract gradually) |
| Climb Speed | 79–85 KIAS (Vy 79, cruise climb 85) |
| Mixture | LEAN (Above 3000 ft MSL for best power) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT ≤ 400°F, Oil Temp ≤ 245°F) |
| Power Setting | 2300–2500 RPM (65–75% power) |
|---|---|
| Mixture | LEAN (For peak EGT or per POH) |
| Cruise Speed | 105–115 KIAS (75% power at 8000 ft) |
| Fuel Flow | CHECK (8.5–9.5 GPH at 75% power) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT 300–380°F, Oil Temp 180–220°F ideal) |
| Fuel Tanks | BALANCE (Switch tanks hourly if not using BOTH) |
| Mixture | RICH (Below 3000 ft MSL) |
|---|---|
| Carb Heat | AS REQUIRED (ON when below green arc or visible moisture) |
| Descent Speed | 100–120 KIAS (With 500–700 FPM descent) |
| Engine Cooling | MONITOR (Keep CHT > 250°F during descent) |
| Fuel Pump | ON (For landing) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH (Or fullest tank) |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH |
| Carb Heat | ON (Below green arc) |
| Seat Belts | SECURED |
| Door | LATCHED |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 10° on downwind, 25–30° on final) |
| Approach Speed | 65–75 KIAS (65 with flaps 30°, 75 with flaps 0°) |
| Trim | SET for approach speed |
| Final Approach | 65–70 KIAS (With flaps) |
|---|---|
| Flare | GENTLY (Power to idle, hold off) |
| Touchdown | MAIN WHEELS FIRST |
| After Touchdown | NOSE WHEEL DOWN (Gently) |
| Flaps | UP (After clearing runway) |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Flaps | UP |
|---|---|
| Transponder | STANDBY |
| Lights | AS REQUIRED |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (During taxi) |
| Mixture | LEAN for taxi if needed |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Avionics / Radios | OFF |
| Fuel Pump | OFF |
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF (Smoothly pull to cutoff, engine stops) |
| Ignition | OFF |
| Master Switch | OFF |
| Control Lock | INSTALL (If available) |
|---|---|
| Pitot Cover | INSTALL |
| Tie-downs | SECURED |
| Fuel Selector | OFF (If leaving aircraft) |
| Baggage / Documents | REMOVED |
| Door | LOCKED |