| Tie-downs / Chocks / Covers | REMOVED |
|---|---|
| Fuel Quantity | CHECK VISUALLY (Both tanks, drain samples) |
| Fuel Caps | SECURED |
| Oil Level | CHECK (5–7 quarts, min 4 quarts) |
| Control Surfaces | FREE & CORRECT (Ailerons, Elevator, Rudder) |
| Flaps | EXTEND & RETRACT (Manual crank) |
| Pitot Tube Cover | REMOVED |
| Static Ports | CLEAR |
| Main Gear / Nose Gear | CHECK (Condition, inflation) |
| Empennage | CHECK (T-tail condition) |
| Master Switch | OFF during walk-around |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF |
| Throttle | 1/2 INCH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Avionics Master | OFF |
| Master Switch | ON |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH (Center position) |
| Fuel Pump | ON (Prime if cold engine) |
| Flaps | UP (Crank fully up) |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (Neutral or slightly nose up) |
| Circuit Breakers | IN |
| Seat / Rudder Pedals | ADJUSTED & LOCKED |
| Area | CLEAR |
|---|---|
| Mixture | RICH |
| Throttle | 1/4 INCH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Master / Ignition | START (Monitor: Oil pressure rising within 30 sec) |
| Oil Pressure | CHECK (Green arc: 60–90 psi, min 25 psi) |
| Fuel Pump | OFF after start confirmed |
| Alternator | CHECK (Ammeter charging, low voltage light out) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT rising, Oil Temp 100–245°F) |
| Location | RUN-UP AREA (Pointed into wind) |
|---|---|
| Parking Brake | SET |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT |
| Throttle | 1700–1800 RPM |
| Engine Instruments | CHECK GREEN (Oil pressure 60–90 psi, Oil temp rising) |
| Magnetos | CHECK (BOTH → L → BOTH → R → BOTH) Max drop: 175 RPM Difference L/R: < 50 RPM |
| Carb Heat | CHECK (ON: expect RPM drop, then OFF) |
| Vacuum Gauge | CHECK (4.0–5.5 inHg if equipped) |
| Suction Gauge | CHECK (if equipped with gyros) |
| Amps / Volts | CHECK (Charging normal) |
| Idle RPM Check | 600–700 RPM (Throttle closed) |
| Throttle | 1000–1200 RPM (After checks) |
| Flaps | UP (Crank verify) |
|---|---|
| Avionics Master | ON |
| Transponder | STANDBY |
| Radios / COM / NAV | SET |
| Altimeter | SET (Local field elevation) |
| Flight Instruments | CHECK (AI, DG, VSI operational) |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Full deflection check) |
| Brakes | TEST |
| Taxi Light | ON (As required) |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON for taxi if low fuel or rough ground |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (Oil temp/pressure in green) |
| Mixture | AS REQUIRED (Lean for taxi above 1000 ft density altitude) |
| Nosewheel Steering | USE RUDDER PEDALS (Differential braking if needed) |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Final check) |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 0–10° for normal takeoff) |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (Neutral) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Flight Instruments | SET (DG to compass) |
| Transponder | ALT (If Mode C equipped) |
| Briefing | TAKEOFF / DEPARTURE / EMERGENCY |
| Area | CLEAR (Final runway check) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | AS DESIRED |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Throttle | FULL (Smoothly to 2500 RPM) |
| Engine Instruments | MONITOR (Oil pressure 60–90 psi) |
| Airspeed | ALIVE at 40 KIAS |
| Rotation | 55–60 KIAS |
| Vy (Best Rate) | 75 KIAS |
| Vx (Best Angle) | 62 KIAS (with flaps up) |
| Fuel Pump | OFF (Above 500 ft AGL) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | UP (If used, retract gradually) |
| Climb Speed | 75–80 KIAS (Vy 75) |
| Mixture | LEAN (Above 3000 ft MSL) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT ≤ 450°F, Oil Temp ≤ 245°F) |
| Power Setting | 2300–2400 RPM (65–75% power) |
|---|---|
| Mixture | LEAN (For peak EGT or per POH) |
| Cruise Speed | 100–110 KIAS (75% power at 8000 ft) |
| Fuel Flow | CHECK (7.5–8.5 GPH at 75% power) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT 300–400°F, Oil Temp 180–220°F ideal) |
| Fuel Tanks | BALANCE (Switch tanks every 30 min if not using BOTH) |
| Mixture | RICH (Below 3000 ft MSL) |
|---|---|
| Carb Heat | AS REQUIRED (ON when below green arc) |
| Descent Speed | 90–100 KIAS |
| Descent Rate | 500–700 FPM |
| Engine Cooling | MONITOR (Keep CHT > 250°F during descent) |
| Fuel Pump | ON (For landing) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH |
| Carb Heat | ON (Below green arc) |
| Seat Belts | SECURED |
| Door | LATCHED |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 10° on downwind, full on final) |
| Approach Speed | 65–75 KIAS (65 with full flaps, 75 with no flaps) |
| Trim | SET for approach speed |
| Final Approach | 65–70 KIAS (With flaps) |
|---|---|
| Flare | GENTLY (Power to idle, hold off) |
| Touchdown | MAIN WHEELS FIRST |
| After Touchdown | NOSE WHEEL DOWN (Gently) |
| Flaps | UP (After clearing runway) |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Flaps | UP (Crank fully up) |
|---|---|
| Transponder | STANDBY |
| Lights | AS REQUIRED |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (During taxi) |
| Mixture | LEAN for taxi if needed |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Avionics / Radios | OFF |
| Fuel Pump | OFF |
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF (Smoothly pull to cutoff) |
| Ignition | OFF after engine stops |
| Master Switch | OFF |
| Control Lock | INSTALL (If available) |
|---|---|
| Pitot Cover | INSTALL |
| Tie-downs | SECURED |
| Fuel Selector | OFF (If leaving aircraft) |
| Baggage / Documents | REMOVED |
| Door | LOCKED |