| Tie-downs / Chocks / Covers | REMOVED |
|---|---|
| Fuel Quantity | CHECK VISUALLY (Both tanks, drain samples) |
| Fuel Caps | SECURED |
| Oil Level | CHECK (6–8 quarts, min 5 quarts) |
| Oil Cap / Dipstick | SECURED |
| Propeller | CHECK (Condition, nicks, security) |
| Control Surfaces | FREE & CORRECT (Ailerons, Elevator, Rudder, Flaps) |
| Pitot Tube Cover | REMOVED |
| Static Ports | CLEAR |
| Landing Gear | CHECK (Tires, struts, condition) |
| Master Switch | OFF during walk-around |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF |
| Throttle | 1/2 INCH |
| Propeller | FULL FORWARD (High RPM) |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Avionics Master | OFF |
| Master Switch | ON |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH (Verify detent) |
| Fuel Pump | ON (Prime 2-3 seconds if cold) |
| Flaps | UP (Electric switch) |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (2-3 turns nose up from full down) |
| Circuit Breakers | IN |
| Seat / Rudder Pedals | ADJUSTED & LOCKED |
| Area | CLEAR |
|---|---|
| Mixture | RICH |
| Throttle | 1/4 INCH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Ignition | START (Release at 800-1000 RPM) |
| Oil Pressure | CHECK (Green arc: 60–90 psi within 30 sec) |
| Fuel Pump | OFF after start |
| Alternator | CHECK (Ammeter charging, low voltage light out) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT rising, Oil Temp 100–245°F) |
| Location | RUN-UP AREA (Pointed into wind) |
|---|---|
| Parking Brake | SET |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT |
| Throttle | 1700–1800 RPM |
| Engine Instruments | CHECK GREEN (Oil pressure 60–90 psi, Oil temp rising) |
| Magnetos | CHECK (BOTH → L → BOTH → R → BOTH) Max drop: 175 RPM Difference L/R: < 50 RPM |
| Carb Heat | CHECK (ON: expect RPM drop, then OFF) |
| Propeller Cycle | CHECK (Reduce RPM to 1500, cycle prop 2-3 times) RPM drop: 200–300 RPM |
| Vacuum / Suction | CHECK (4.5–5.5 inHg) |
| Amps / Volts | CHECK (Charging normal) |
| Avionics / Radios | CHECK |
| Throttle | 1000–1200 RPM (After checks) |
| Flaps | UP (Verify) |
|---|---|
| Avionics Master | ON |
| Transponder | STANDBY |
| Radios / COM / NAV | SET |
| Altimeter | SET (Local field elevation) |
| Flight Instruments | CHECK (AI, DG, VSI operational) |
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Full deflection check) |
| Brakes | TEST |
| Taxi Light | ON (As required) |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON for taxi on rough ground or low fuel |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (Oil temp/pressure in green) |
| Mixture | AS REQUIRED (Lean for taxi above 1000 ft density altitude) |
| Propeller | HIGH RPM (Full forward for taxi) |
| Nosewheel Steering | RUDDER PEDALS (Differential braking if needed) |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Flight Controls | FREE & CORRECT (Final check) |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 0–10° for normal takeoff) |
| Trim | TAKEOFF (2-3 turns nose up) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Propeller | HIGH RPM (Full forward) |
| Flight Instruments | SET (DG to compass) |
| Transponder | ALT (Mode C) |
| Briefing | TAKEOFF / DEPARTURE / EMERGENCY |
| Area | CLEAR (Final runway check) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | AS DESIRED |
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Throttle | FULL (Smoothly to 2700 RPM) |
| Engine Instruments | MONITOR (Oil pressure 60–90 psi, MP 25–27") |
| Airspeed | ALIVE at 40 KIAS |
| Rotation | 55–60 KIAS |
| Vy (Best Rate) | 79 KIAS |
| Vx (Best Angle) | 66 KIAS |
| Fuel Pump | OFF (Above 500 ft AGL) |
|---|---|
| Flaps | UP (If used, retract gradually) |
| Climb Speed | 79–85 KIAS (Vy 79, cruise climb 85) |
| Propeller | 2700 RPM (Full forward for climb) |
| Mixture | LEAN (Above 3000 ft MSL for best power) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT ≤ 450°F, Oil Temp ≤ 245°F) |
| Power Setting | 2300–2500 RPM (65–75% power) 22–24" MP |
|---|---|
| Propeller | SET DESIRED RPM (Typically 2400-2500 for cruise) |
| Mixture | LEAN (For peak EGT or 50°F rich of peak) |
| Cruise Speed | 110–120 KIAS (75% power at 8000 ft) |
| Fuel Flow | CHECK (9–10 GPH at 75% power) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR (CHT 300–400°F, Oil Temp 180–220°F ideal) |
| Fuel Tanks | BALANCE (Switch tanks every 30-60 min if not using BOTH) |
| Power | REDUCE (15–18" MP, 2000–2200 RPM) |
|---|---|
| Mixture | RICH (Below 3000 ft MSL) |
| Carb Heat | AS REQUIRED (ON when MP below 15") |
| Descent Speed | 100–120 KIAS |
| Descent Rate | 500–700 FPM |
| Engine Cooling | MONITOR (Keep CHT > 250°F) |
| Fuel Pump | ON (For landing) |
| Propeller | HIGH RPM (Full forward) |
| Fuel Selector | BOTH |
|---|---|
| Fuel Pump | ON |
| Mixture | FULL RICH |
| Carb Heat | ON (Below 15" MP or green arc) |
| Propeller | HIGH RPM (Full forward) |
| Seat Belts | SECURED |
| Door | LATCHED |
| Flaps | AS DESIRED (Typically 10° on downwind, 25° on base, full on final) |
| Approach Speed | 70–80 KIAS (70 with full flaps, 80 with no flaps) |
| Trim | SET for approach speed |
| Final Approach | 70–75 KIAS (With flaps) |
|---|---|
| Flare | GENTLY (Power to idle, hold off) |
| Touchdown | MAIN WHEELS FIRST |
| After Touchdown | NOSE WHEEL DOWN (Gently) |
| Flaps | UP (After clearing runway) |
| Carb Heat | OFF |
| Fuel Pump | OFF |
| Flaps | UP |
|---|---|
| Transponder | STANDBY |
| Lights | AS REQUIRED |
| Propeller | HIGH RPM (Full forward for taxi) |
| Engine Gauges | MONITOR |
| Mixture | LEAN for taxi if needed |
| Parking Brake | SET |
|---|---|
| Avionics / Radios | OFF |
| Fuel Pump | OFF |
| Mixture | IDLE CUTOFF (Smoothly pull to cutoff) |
| Ignition | OFF after engine stops |
| Master Switch | OFF |
| Control Lock | INSTALL |
|---|---|
| Pitot Cover | INSTALL |
| Tie-downs | SECURED |
| Fuel Selector | OFF (If leaving aircraft) |
| Baggage / Documents | REMOVED |
| Door | LOCKED |